Hello ARAGAW Bezawit, Ethiopia, TICID, so with regard to innovations in the transport sector, developments in Cameroon are still marginal. The introduction of electric vehicles is not yet effective, notably because of their high purchase costs and technological constraints. Vehicle control and inspection is theoretical, despite the government's efforts. Because it is not autonomous, controls are carried out at the whim of the agents, which encourages corruption and road insecurity.

However, private platforms are trying to get involved in the transport sector, and for the past 2 or 3 years, the Yango transport service has been trying to make a name for itself by offering users a travel app. For the time being, the returns in terms of efficiency and safety are obvious; all the more so as they offer fares that are starting to be competitive with public transport (cab).

see: https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=55c17ffb0b8c24c2f94e709d754b510b2ee16b118ea9c0a37ece29a77068e9bcJmltdHM9MTc0OTk0NTYwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=1b7ed0e7-641d-61f4-257f-c52465a4600c&psq=yango+cameroun&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly95YW5nby5jb20vZnJfY20v&ntb=1

GULE Thandile Tanzile,Eswatini,CFND It's an existential question that you raise here. Especially since it's a paradox when you consider that African countries are very rich in natural resources.

Oh yeah.. you are right GULE Thandile Tanzile,Eswatini,CFND

BANENGAI KOYAMA Torcia Chanelle,Central African Republic,MFGD Thank you for sharing your point of view. It's true that we need to find alternative sources of financing and improve the mobilization of domestic income.

Thank you LOMPO Aguima Aime Bernard,Burkina Faso,SPORD I understand and agree with you. International disparities can be exacerbated by intra-African disparities.

I guys, Africa accounts for approximately 3.8% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Sub-Saharan Africa contributes just 1.9% of global emissions, with South Africa alone responsible for 1.3%. The remaining 48 countries combined contribute only 0.6% consistent with the UNFCCC and UNEP.

Moreover, According to the Global Center on Adaptation (2024), Africa receives only 20% of global adaptation finance flows (about $13 billion annually) and just 18% of the funding needed for climate change mitigation, despite being one of the regions most severely affected.

In the context of shrinking global climate finance, how can African countries—who contribute the least to global emissions but bear the highest climate-related costs—secure the necessary resources for natural resource management and adaptation, especially given the failure of the 'polluter-pays' principle in practice?

LOMPO Aguima Aime Bernard,Burkina Faso,SPORD totally agree

AHOUAKAN Ehouman Williams V,Ivory Coast,SRO/WA You're right, especially since one of the recommendations from international bodies, including UNECA, is to increase domestic revenue by broadening the tax base and raising taxes in countries that have not yet reached the optimal tax rate (15%). While this may offer a solution, it is important to realize that African countries have an informal sector that represents between 25% and 65% of their GDP. In countries like the Comoros, this rate goes up to 80%. In this context, the proposed solutions only address a segment of African economies. There may be a need to rethink the African economic model and the structure of our economies by integrating (or at least attempting to integrate) the informal sector into analyses. I believe such an approach would help recover domestic revenues that currently escape the system and allow greater investment in government spending.

ABNER Martha,Namibia,DES-PS I remain rather skeptical about this reform.

We've gone from the MDGs, which were a failure, to the SDGs, whose rate of achievement is still a long way from expectations with 5 years to go. How can we be sure that such a reform will be effective this time? What's more, one of the objectives of the UN80 initiative is to improve and ensure financial viability. But in view of the Trump administration's new funding and aid policies, the question of financial viability is all the more crucial and urgent. Finally, for the countries of Africa and especially SSA, which are heavily dependent on this aid, what are the alternatives for ensuring operational efficiency and optimizing the allocation of financial resources?

LIPEDE Omolola Mary,Nigeria,GPSPD I've been very interested in this subject for the past few years. I think empowerment is a broad and deep concept. To answer your concern, you'd have to know what kind of empowerment you're talking about. If we refer to the work of Nobel Prize Dufflo (2012; 2019) in this field, we understand that empowerment is a multidimensional concept that cannot be analyzed solely from the angle of access to a salary... While the social, economic and political dimensions are often mentioned, I think we need to take into account the cultural environment in which we evolve. For example, can women's empowerment be understood in the same way in Cameroon as in France? Are the contextual and cultural realities the same?

LOMPO Aguima Aime Bernard,Burkina Faso,SPORD Very fine analysis, Bernard. I share your point of view. I don't think it's absolutely necessary, since it's based on the assumption that data trends will continue. But in the event of exogenous or endogenous shocks, this can completely reverse and skew the nature of the data. It is for this reason that the contemporary literature agrees that it is not necessary for the panel to be absolutely cylindrical in order to make estimates. Ref. Nomo et al.(2025) Amba (2024).

ALI Ibrahim Houssen,Djibouti,ACS good to know